Thursday, October 3, 2024

Historical Fiction

JamesJames by Percival Everett
I usually don't care for adaptations of classical novels, it feels like cheating and rarely does the second author come close to touching on the genius that made the first author a classical writer in the first place. But Percival Everett's retelling of The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn from the slave Jim's point of view is nothing short of brilliant. In fact, reading both novels together would enhance the humor and dark injustice in both tales.
In Everett's version, Jim puts up a front to reassure the whites that he is harmless and simple minded, such as all slaves must do. His interior dialogue shows him to be erudite and well-read, a dignified man who identifies as James. When he runs away to avoid being sold, he links up with Huck Finn and the adventures begin. While the ensuing shenanigans mirror the action in Twain's book, James's perspective casts a pure light on what life in Mississippi must have really been like at that time. This book could revolutionize teaching American Literature!

One Day in the Life of Ivan DenisovichOne Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich by Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn
Considered ground-breaking at the time, Solzhenitsyn's fictionalized account of the daily horrors of life in the Soviet gulag opened the world's eyes to what was happening to the Russian people at the hands of their own government. (Solzhenitsyn, himself, was sentenced to 8 years in the gulag for writing a criticism of Stalin in a letter -this after serving with honors during WWII in the Soviet army!) In this novel, we meet Ivan Denisovich on a typical day during an endless sentence at a Siberian prison camp. His matter-of-fact delivery of injustices and depravations is a marvel of human endurance and a testimony to the vigors of the human spirit. Also, though, it's startling to read about the callousness and cruelty that people will dish out to each other -how many times do we need to see this illustrated for us, across the spectrum of human cultures, to understand that we are part of a very flawed race? To learn more about Solzhenistyn, his battle with cancer, his exile, his conversion to Christianity, his awesome 1978 commencement speech at Harvard, and his Nobel prize: Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn Center

The LionessThe Lioness by Chris Bohjalian
There's something to be said for maintaining a sense of suspense throughout an entire book. One good way to do it is to be ruthless with your characters -but that rarely happens. I get it. If you go to the trouble of conjuring up this fascinating ensemble of folks to people the pages of your novel, you'd probably feel pretty protective of them. However, Bohjalian suffers no such compunction, which is what elevates this story.
When Katie Barstow, her new husband David, and a host of friends and family decide to go on photographic safari in Africa, it seems exciting, yet safe. The year is 1964, Katie is a wealthy actress, and no expense is spared on hiring the best guides available for the trip of a lifetime. However, when kidnappers descend on the party, there's no limit to how badly things can and do go wrong. And that plethora of challenges -scorching heat, predators, cold-blooded criminals-leave the reader biting their nails as you wonder if anyone will be left alive. And that's not even including a few deadly secrets that some of the members of their party are hiding... A mesmerizing read!

The Snow HareThe Snow Hare by Paula Lichtarowicz
I wasn't sure about this being a 5 star book at first, but the story deepened in emotion and meaning as it progressed, until it totally captured my heart. Lena is a Polish girl who only wants to be a doctor, but with the advent of WWII and a series of other tragic events, her dreams go unfulfilled. Misery seems to beget misery, culminating in her family's exile to the harshness of a Siberian workcamp.
But throughout the story, Lichtarowicz has juxtaposed small chapters of Lena's future life, hints about what she has endured and what happiness is yet to come. The pastiche of memories holds the threads of a fairy tale ending, in that through the pain and desolation, there is always something or someone to rejoice about. The Snow Hare gives us a piece of history that is rarely written about, and shows us the importance of tenderness and memory amidst the harshness of life circumstances, and the incredible power of forgiveness and grace.

The Snow Fell Three Graves DeepThe Snow Fell Three Graves Deep by Allan Wolf
Allan Wolf is a great historical fiction author, and certainly the story of the Donner Party is compelling, but....BUT. I had to drag myself through the book because putting a humanized face on this cannibalistic tragedy made for a very difficult read. Most particularly, because Wolf used alternating narrators, and many of the voices were children. So. Well written but hard to categorize as 'enjoyable'.

 

The Lincoln Highway by Amor Towle
Amor Towles' way of turning a phrase make his books true rare pleasures.  
"Time is that which God uses to separate the idle from the industrious. For time is a mountain and upon seeing its steep incline, the idle will lie down among the lilies of the field and hope that someone passes by with a pitcher of lemonade. What the worthy endeavor requires is planning, effort, attentiveness, and the willingness to clean up."
This story of two brothers (one recently out of juvenile lockup, one only 8 years old) undertaking an arduous trip to find their mother after their father has passed away is certainly on par with all the heroic journeys from antiquity -perils, betrayal, yearning, derring-do.  And like Greek myths of old, the story is less about the destination than it is about all the steps it takes to get there.  Also, as you get to know Emmett, Billy, and their assortment of friends and acquaintances (Woolly, Duchess, Sally, Ulysses, etc), the underlying theme that it's all just about living life resounds in their words and actions.
I would read anything by Towle because I enjoyed this novel and A Gentleman in Moscow so very much.

 

Thirteen Doorways, Wolves Behind Them AllThirteen Doorways, Wolves Behind Them All by Laura Ruby
Although the narration of this story, undertaken by a ghost who haunts an orphanage, takes a bit of getting used to, the unfolding drama of Frankie Mazza's life from 1941-1946 is worth the extra effort. Frankie and her two siblings are sent to an orphanage after the death of their mother because their father isn't able to care for them. It's a rough life which grows lonelier when their father remarries and moves away, taking his son but leaving his daughters in the institution. Pearl, the aforementioned ghost, has quite a story of her own to recount as she tries to figure out why she hasn't passed on to the other side yet. Both tales are replete with courage, betrayal, grief, love, and friendship. Best line in the book, "Why does the world want girls to be beautiful, only to punish them for it?'

Lovely WarLovely War by Julie Berry
If a tale that involves unrequited love, war, death, injury, infidelity, and racism could be called sweet and poignant, than this is the one. In 1942, Hephaestus catches his wife, Aphrodite (goddess of love) cheating with his brother, Ares (god of war) and decides to put them on trial to see what they have to say for themselves. Speaking in her own defense, Aphrodite weaves the story of Hazel and James, a pianist and a soon-to-be soldier who meet in 1917 only two days before he is shipped out to fight in the Great War to show that love and war are often intrinsically linked.
Shifting perspectives between the gods and the very human lives that they are impacting, the reader becomes captivated with the young lovers and some friends they meet along the way. Hazel goes to France to volunteer and meets a young Belgian girl, Colette, who has lost her whole family and village to the Germans. Aubrey is a member of the 369th, an American unit of all Black soldiers who also have the finest military band, led by one of the finest conductors in the U.S. Although all four of them encounter hardships, there is hope and joy in their stories. The trial of Aphrodite and Ares also brings some surprises of its own. I can see why Lovely War was listed in the Teens' Top Ten for 2020!

Deacon King KongDeacon King Kong by James McBride
I love James McBride because he always writes about those things that bring us together instead of what separates us. This story, about love, intrigue, crime and passion in a NYC neighborhood circa 1969 is uplifting as well as funny. As President Obama said about the quality and worth of McBride's writing, he "humaniz(es) the complexities of discussing race in America.” 
The titular deacon is a handyman at an apartment complex in a NYC neighborhood, as well as a gardener for a mobster's aging mother, a baseball coach for the kids in the complex (an ex-player whom has chosen to deal drugs), and a pretty ardent drunk. One day, the deacon strolls up to (or drunkenly staggers up to) the dealer and shoots him for wasting his God given baseball talent, a chain of events is set off that involves organized crime, drug pipelines, revenge, and a hidden treasure secreted somewhere in the neighborhood.  The church and its congregation play a pivotal role in this disparate cast, and lots of humor is discovered in what could be a morbid and depressing situation.  Of course, unguessable outcomes are the best, and the twinklings of love that unexpectedly come to pass lend this story heart.



The Water DancerThe Water Dancer by Ta-Nehisi Coates
This is a really good piece of historical fiction about a man named Hiram, who is a slave in Virginia in the mid 1800s. Hiram has a photographic memory, but despite this he has managed to block out the last day he saw his mother. This is significant, because the day his mother was sold (when Hi was only 9), left him without family -except for his father, the plantation owner, and his brother, also White. Hi is buffeted by forces much more powerful than himself: a culture of slavery and White superiority/Black subjugation, a robust Underground that he is destined to cross paths with, and the mysterious power of Conduction that lies within him undiscovered.
Coates does an excellent job at tapping the emotions Hiram struggles with, as well as delicately conveying the horribleness that surrounded the practice of slavery. Moreover, he addresses the complications that arise when a slave owner takes advantage of a female slave, resulting in a child. How could anyone look at their son or daughter and consider them property, something from which they could glean financial gain? What kind of relationship could one possibly expect from such beginnings? Well done.


A Gentleman in MoscowA Gentleman in Moscow by Amor Towles
Truly one of the best books I've read in a while, a lyrical chronicle of the life of Count Alexander Rostov after he is sentenced to house arrest at the Metropol Hotel by the new Soviet government following the Revolution of 1917.
Erudite and gentlemanly, Count Rostov "masters his circumstances so that they don't master him", showing an elegant adaptability that saves his life as well as his soul. Alexander is reprieved from a death sentence by a pro-Revolution poem he had published in his youth, but he is declared a non-person and is never again to leave the doors of the Metropol, a hotel that has always catered to the rich, powerful, and aristocratic. In his new situation, Rostov lives in the attic and leaves behind the perks of his earlier life, while retaining his decency, charm, and joie de vive. A wonderful and uplifting example of how to survive and even thrive under terrible circumstances, and also a beautiful story of how the love we share with others in any iteration-romantic, paternal, fraternal,etc-is our saving grace.

 The Half-Drowned King (The Half-Drowned King #1)The Half-Drowned King by Linnea Hartsuyker
Oaths and blood feuds, shield walls and raiding, this 12th century depiction of a fledgling Norway is so adventurous and exciting, you'll wonder how anyone survived to tell tales of the Vikings. Ragnvald is a young sailor/raider who barely escapes a murder attempt by his captain, only to find he must fight to regain his lands from his treacherous stepfather, all while the legendary Harold struggles to become the first king of a united Norway. Alliances shift on a dime, and the plight of being a woman is sharply brought into focus by Ragnvald's sister, Svanhild, who refuses to be tucked away safely and ends up in the clutches of Ragnvald's archenemy. A compelling read that reminds me of the excellent show The Last Kingdom about the Dane invasion of the British Isles and Alfred the Great's rise to power.



34313931A Woman Is No Man by Etaf Rum
The juxtaposition of two Palestinian-Americans, a mother and daughter, who are both caught between the old world devaluation of women and their desire for freedom and happiness. In 1990, 17 year old Isra is given in marriage to Adam and finds herself relocating to Brooklyn from Palestine, dispossessed of all that she knows -except for the devout Muslim view that she is to quietly stay at home, serve the men and her mother-in-law, and have (hopefully) male babies. There is no room in Isra's life for love, desire, dreams, or joy.
Moving forward to 2008, Deya at 18 is the oldest of Isra's four girls. Untenably, she is also expected to conform to an arranged marriage, with no possibility of college, career, or romance. Both Adam and Isra died when Deya was only seven, so she is denied the understanding and compassion that her mother would surely have given her. However, Deya is determined to rebel, and thus finds that there is a secret shrouding the circumstances of her parents' deaths.
The lifestyle that Isra and Deya experience would be anathema to most American women; codes of silence and shame, subservience and honor. The missing component is love, which isn't to say that all women in their circumstances are deprived of it; this family is a tangled up knot of obligation and anger. A novel that gives a voice to those who desperately need to be heard.


The Silence of the Girls

The Silence of the Girls by Pat Barker
In ancient Greece, women were portrayed by male voices as either beautiful prizes or evil witches, or simply and anonymously as slaves and drudges.  In this retelling of the siege of Troy, the story is flipped to focus strictly on the story through the eyes of a woman -Queen Briseis, who is enslaved to Achilles after her city is overtaken by the Greeks.  The manly heroes might shine gloriously on the battlefield, but as witnessed by the women in the camps, they are beastly, demanding, and self-obsessed.  Many are rapists, and a scant few are worthy of love. Briseis is obedient to Achilles, and even finds some things to admire about him, but refuses to soften to the man who killed her brothers and father.
Achilles does value Briseis, though, and when Agememnon demands her 'company', Achilles refuses to go to battle -with dire consequences.  Though Briseis is a pawn in a man's game, her voice comes through strongly as she struggles to survive.

The Underground Railroad by Colson Whitehead
Imagine a world so cruel that people are arbitrarily forced into labor and tortured, raped, and murdered if they don't comply. That part is (unfortunately) a matter of historical truth. Colson Whitehead intriguingly melds fact with fiction as he explores the pre-Civil War South through the eyes of Cora, a slave escaping from the Georgia plantation where she is in imminent peril from her new master. Where he chooses to weave new fictional details into this terrible time is an underground railroad that is actually underground -hidden tunnels squirreled away and managed by conductors who assist runaways to freedom. The railroad is a saving grace for Cora more than once, as a dogged slave catcher named Ridgeway is obsessed with seizing her and bringing her back to captivity. What he doesn't count on is her truly indomitable spirit -Cora is an epic heroine who bears the souls, hopes, and dreams of many as she makes her way, inch by inch, toward freedom.
(Winner of the Pulitzer Prize 2017, National Book Award 2016)

Walk on Earth a Stranger by Rae Carson
In 1849, Leah Westfall and her gold miner parents reside in a panned-out Georgia when the news comes: prospectors are getting lucky out in California, and a new Gold Rush is about to commence.  Leah possesses a secret ability: she can 'sense' when gold is near.  Before she and her parents can consider what this means for them, tragedy strikes and Leah is on her own.  Forced to flee malevolent forces, Leah becomes Lee and decides to travel out West alone, disguised as a boy, hoping to meet up with her best friend, Jefferson.
At first I was a little put off by the 'girl disguised as boy' trope, and the magical gold-sensing ability.  But this is actually a very well-written and plausible book that captures the pioneering spirit of the mid-1800s.  Leah is a sensible girl who is more likely to rescue someone else than be in need of rescuing. The trek to California is full of pitfalls and threatening situations, especially for a teen-aged girl, which makes for an engrossing read. (Longlisted for the National Book Award)

Lincoln in the Bardo by George Saunders
This is a tricky book to describe, but let me start with 'bardo'.  The bardo is a Tibetan Buddhist term for the state the soul enters after death, before rebirth. In Western cultures we might be more familiar with the idea of 'purgatory'.  The death in question is that of Willie Lincoln, who tragically died of Typhoid Fever when he was 11 and his father was President of the United States. There are a plenitude of stories that talk about Lincoln's presidency, and others that touch on the effect his child's untimely death had on him -this is not one of those stories (not exactly).  First we are introduced to the souls currently residing at the cemetery where Willie is laid to rest -conflicted beings who don't understand that they are, in fact, dead.  Their stories are interspersed with chapters that contain snippets from books and historical documents -some of which are real, some of which were concocted by the author.  Put everything together and you get a multiverse of the events surrounding Willie's death: his bewilderment at his new situation, his father's grief, the purgatorial remnants who try to assist Willie on his journey, and a nation caught in a bloodbath of a war that is sure to fill the bardo to the brim.  This story reminded me of The Great Divorce by C.S. Lewis, another intriguing look at life after death. George Saunders has a unique voice, humorous and kind to his characters, even when they are very flawed. An intriguing look at how Lincoln might have been influenced in some of the choices he made. (Winner of the Man Booker prize)

All the Light We Cannot See by Anthony Doerr
Werner is an orphan growing up in German mining country in the '40s. Despite an impressive aptitude for science (radios in particular), his outlook is bleak until he catches the eye of a Nazi officer. Marie-Laure is a girl in France, living with her beloved father, who is the locksmith and key maker for the National Museum of Natural History. Despite going blind at 6, Marie-Laure has a rich life and her father devises ways to circumvent her disability. Primarily, he constructs a miniature version of Paris so that Marie-Laure can feel her way around the model city, learning the routes before venturing out to into the real world. As Werner and Marie-Laure grow into young adulthood, their paths will collide in wholly unexpected ways. 
This book reminded me of "The Book Thief" (another excellent read) in that these children growing up in war-torn Europe are warmly and richly brought to life. Doerr paints so vividly with words that the reader feels as if they themselves have fled to St. Malo, as if they are being conscripted by the Hitler Youth, as if they are charged with saving a 133 carat diamond from the greedy hands of the Nazis. When Marie-Laure cups a shell in her hands, you will feel the cool, smooth curves for yourself. Truly deserving of the Pulitzer.

The Invention of Wings by Sue Monk Kidd
I didn't realize until after I had finished this that the two main characters, Sarah and Angelina Grimke, were actual historical figures. The Grimke sisters were outspoken abolitionists in the 1820s and 30s whose impassioned pleas to end slavery came from the dark reality that they grew up in a prominent South Carolinian home with slaves and were both strongly affected by the cruelty and injustice of the 'peculiar institution'.
In this fictionalized account, the story switches between Sarah's voice and that of a slave, Handful, who is gifted to Sarah on her 11th birthday by her rather coldhearted mother. Sarah rejects the idea of owning another human, but she is told that she will and she'd better accept the situation. Sarah counters by secretly teaching Handful how to read (in real life, Sarah actually did teach her handmaid reading and writing), an unlawful act that brings dreadful retribution on both of them when it is discovered. Sarah never does accept her place in Charleston society, but finds her calling as a Quaker in Philadelphia, and eventually as a voice crying out for freedom.
Although Handful is purely fictional, her unflinching character is brought wholly to life by Ms. Kidd, and it is her story that really touched my heart. Handful endures so much loss, humiliation, pain, and yet she never gives up and never accepts that she is lesser than the whites merely because of the color of her skin. Her devotion to her family and her intelligence highlight the absurdity, the hubris of anyone daring to claim another human being as their property.
I would highly recommend this novel, followed by reading the actual pamphlet Angelina Grimke wrote as a plea to the women of the South to end slavery: An Appeal to Christian Women of the South

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